UNDERSTANDING ALLERGIES AND FORMS OF TESTING
What Are Allergies?
Allergies occur when the immune system mistakenly identifies a harmless substance—such as pollen, pet dander, or certain foods—as a threat. The body produces antibodies that react when the substance is encountered again.
This reaction causes the release of chemicals like histamine, which lead to common allergy symptoms such as sneezing, itching, congestion, runny nose, and watery eyes.
Common Symptoms
- Sneezing and itchy, runny nose
- Itchy, red, watering eyes
- Wheezing or chest tightness
- A raised, itchy red rash (hives)
- Swelling of lips, tongue, or face
Common Allergens
- Pollen from trees and grass
- Dust mites and household dust
- Animal dander (cats and dogs)
- Food allergens (shellfish, nuts)
- Mold and mildew spores
How We Test for Allergies
Precision and care in every diagnostic step
Back Scratch Testing
Our most common form of allergy testing for children and adults. This is a quick and effective needle free test used to identify environmental & food allergens that may be causing allergic reactions. A small amount of allergen solution is applied to the skin using a plastic scratch applicator, typically on the back. If allergic, a localized reaction such as redness, swelling, or a small bump will appear within just a few minutes.
Intradermal Testing
A small amount of allergens are introduced just under the skin. If allergic, a localized reaction such as redness, swelling, or a small bump will appear within just a few minutes.
Blood Testing
Often referred to as RAST testing, this test measures the levels of specific IgE antibodies in the blood to identify environmental & food allergens. This can be used as an alternative or in addition to back scratch testing.
Patch Testing
Patches containing allergens are placed on the skin for 48–72 hours to observe delayed allergic reactions. Patch testing is used for those suspecting allergies to chemicals, metals, cosmetics or other non-environmental allergens.
Allergy Treatment Options
Allergy treatment focuses on reducing symptoms, controlling inflammation, and preventing reactions to allergens. Treatment plans are individualized based on a patient’s symptoms, triggers, and the severity of their allergies.
Antihistamines
Antihistamines help relieve common allergy symptoms such as sneezing, itching, runny nose, and watery eyes. They work by blocking histamine, a chemical released by the immune system during an allergic reaction.
Decongestants
Decongestants help relieve nasal congestion and sinus pressure by shrinking swollen blood vessels in the nasal passages. These are generally only used for short-term symptom relief.
Immunotherapy is a long-term treatment that helps the immune system become less sensitive to allergens over time. Allergy shots provide long-term relief and reduce med needs.
Allergen Avoidance
Identifying and reducing exposure to allergy triggers is a vital part of treatment. This includes environmental controls for dust mites, pet dander, mold, and pollen.
Nasal Corticosteroid Sprays
Nasal steroid sprays reduce inflammation in the nasal passages, helping improve congestion, sneezing, and nasal irritation. They are one of the most effective treatments for allergies.
Leukotriene Modifiers
These prescription medications help control allergies by blocking inflammatory chemicals called leukotrienes. They may be helpful for allergic rhinitis or asthma patients.
Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) uses allergy drops placed under the tongue. These drops help train the immune system to tolerate allergens without injections.
Used for patients with moderate to severe allergic conditions that are not well controlled with standard medications. Biologic medications such as Xolair, Dupixent, Nucala, and Fasenra may be recommended for patients with severe asthma or chronic allergic disease
More on Allergy Testing
For many patients, working with an allergist leads to better symptom control and improved quality of life.